Overview
Unencrypted Wi-Fi networks make it easier for attackers to steal data transmitted between the device and the internet. Insecure Wi-Fi networks, particularly open or public networks, do not use encryption to secure data transmitted over the connection. Without encryption, any data exchanged between the device and the internet can be intercepted by attackers using techniques like packet sniffing. Insecure networks are especially dangerous in environments like airports, cafes, or public libraries, where attackers can easily position themselves to capture sensitive data such as login credentials, emails, or financial transactions. A high level of technical sophistication is not necessary to conduct this kind of attack. Attackers can use a free network analyzer, such as Wireshark
Risk factors
Insecure wi-fi networks increase the likelihood or impact of these cybersecurity issues:
- Open, unencrypted networks found in public places are highly vulnerable to eavesdropping and other attacks.
- Users who access sensitive data on public Wi-Fi without using a VPN are at risk of having their information intercepted.
- Wi-Fi networks that use weak or outdated encryption protocols, such as WEP, are vulnerable to attacks.
- If apps or websites do not use HTTPS, attackers can easily intercept unencrypted data transmitted over the network.
Consequences
If an attacker successfully exploits insecure Wi-Fi networks, the following could happen:
- Data theft: Attackers can intercept sensitive information such as login credentials, personal information, or financial data.
- Session hijacking: Attackers can steal session tokens or cookies, allowing them to impersonate users and take control of their accounts.
- Man-in-the-Middle (MitM) attacks: Attackers can modify or inject malicious content into the data stream, potentially leading to malware infections or fraudulent activities.
- Phishing: Attackers can redirect users to malicious websites designed to steal information or install malware.
- Malware delivery: Malicious scripts injected into HTTP responses can trigger malware downloads or redirect users to exploit kits.
Solutions and best practices
To mitigate the risks associated with insecure wi-fi networks, organizations should implement the following security measures:
- Use VPN: Advise users to use a VPN when connecting to public or unsecured Wi-Fi networks to encrypt their internet traffic.
- Use HTTPS: Ensure that all communication between the app and server is secured using HTTPS (TLS/SSL), protecting data in transit from being intercepted.
- Avoid public Wi-Fi for sensitive transactions: Encourage users to avoid performing sensitive actions, such as logging into accounts or making transactions, on public Wi-Fi networks.
- Wi-Fi security awareness: Educate users on the risks of insecure Wi-Fi networks and encourage them to use secure, password-protected networks whenever possible.
- App shielding: App shielding can help by adding encryption and network monitoring features to detect and block attempts to intercept data transmitted over insecure networks.
